Criminology Theories - 1039 Words

â€Å"Criminology† is the study of crime from a social perspective by researching the nature and management of crime and the social impact of crime on society involving the causes and consequences behind the matter. This is a generalised explanation of what â€Å"Criminology† involves as it is too difficult to create an exact definition because the topic is so complex from continuous growing historical roots and evolving theories which will be explored within the main body of this essay. It is said by Sutherland (1939), that Criminology is made up by â€Å"three great tributaries: The study of crime, the study of those who commit crime and the study of the criminal justice and penal systems†. Criminologists study this topic in an attempt to gain a†¦show more content†¦The main idea behind their work was that punishment would only work efficiently if it’s severity was proportionate to the offence committed. Beccaria and Bentham kept the interest of society in mind in the regard that whatever was introduced as a restraint towards criminal behaviour should have a clear aim of emitting the greatest happiness to the largest possible number of people in terms of solace and serenity. The second school of thought â€Å"Positivist Criminology† became apparent after the ideas about criminals and punishment were created from the first. Like â€Å"Classical†, the positivist idea had a theory of utilitarianism but instead philosophers within this school applied a scientific method to study criminal behaviour based upon external factors. The primary idea behind positivism is that criminals are born into their category due to their nature and are not made into criminals. The theory is split into three segments that cover a substantial body of verified principles of knowledge such as: biological, psychological and social positivism in an attempt to understand criminal behaviour and â€Å"Criminology’s† purpose. All three express the same outcome on how rehabilitation for the offender should fit for their needs individually instead of as a whole. â€Å"Ceasare Lombroso†, an ItalianShow MoreRelatedDisorganization Theory Of Criminology And Criminology Essay1789 Words   |  8 PagesDisorganization theory of criminology Name Institution Disorganization theory of criminology Borski, J., and Harold. (1995). Social disorganization theory: influence of society and environment to crime: New York: Lexington. The two researchers use data from the Lexington library to determine how the environment people live in can influence their behaviors. It means that the social organization theory focuses on the effect of society towards crime. When a society or the people in it do not holdRead MoreThe Theories And Theories Of Criminology1772 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Criminology has emerged as a science in the recent years, and various theories and perspectives have been developed by the social scientists and criminologists in this regard. With the development of sociology as a new subject of study and defining the sociology by the August Comte in 1822, the way was paved for the development of criminology, as the new branch of study. This Branch deals with the study of crime and it gradually developed as academic discipline in Britain in 1950s. CesareRead MoreA Common Theory Of Criminology Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pages A common theory in criminology and in sociology suggests that class and race are vital roles regional crime rates. Previous research indicates that the distribution of class and race within certain residential areas has a key role in the outcome of certain violent acts. 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